{"id":397,"date":"2019-12-09T19:57:32","date_gmt":"2019-12-09T19:57:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/?page_id=397"},"modified":"2025-08-22T21:08:02","modified_gmt":"2025-08-22T21:08:02","slug":"pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/","title":{"rendered":"PK-PD Modeling of Biofilm Infections"},"content":{"rendered":"

Accurate pharmacokinetic\u2013pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models of biofilm treatment could be used to guide formulation and administration strategies to better control bacterial lung infections. To this end, we developed a detailed pharmacodynamic model of P. aeruginosa<\/em> treatment with the front-line antibiotics, tobramycin and colistin, and validated it on a detailed dataset of killing dynamics. A compartmental model structure was developed in which the key features are the diffusion of the drug through a boundary layer to the bacteria, concentration-dependent interactions with bacteria, and the passage of the bacteria through successive transit states before death. Current efforts are focused on coupling this PD model with a PK model that describes distribution to and from the lungs to provide an integrated PK-PD description relevant to treatment of bacterial lung infections. This can be used to optimize administration and timing protocols for single- and multiple-drug regimens to eradicate emerging and persistent infections.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pharmacodynamic model structure for tobramycin. The pharmacodynamic model for<\/i><\/h6>\n
response to tobramycin (subscript \u2018t\u2019) tracks the transit of biofilm cells going from a viable (B) to<\/i><\/h6>\n
nonviable state (X<\/i>t<\/i><\/span>) following administration of tobramycin at bulk concentration C<\/i>0t<\/i><\/span>. There is a flux,<\/i><\/h6>\n
J(D) of drug from the bulk to the biofilm cells, where the local concentration is C<\/i>t<\/i><\/span>. For tobramycin,<\/i><\/h6>\n
there are five transit compartments (D<\/i>1t<\/i><\/span>, D<\/i>2t<\/i><\/span>, D<\/i>3t<\/i><\/span>, D<\/i>4t<\/i><\/span>, and D<\/i>5t<\/i><\/span>) mediating the cellular response to<\/i><\/h6>\n
drug. Growth is governed by a specific growth rate, m; the coupled diffusion and pharmacodynamic<\/i><\/h6>\n
response are subject to parameters \u03b1, \u03b2, and \u03b3; and the transit rate to subsequent compartments is<\/i><\/h6>\n
given by k<\/i>tt<\/i><\/span>.<\/i><\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Accurate pharmacokinetic\u2013pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models of biofilm treatment could be used to guide formulation and administration strategies to better control bacterial lung infections. To this end, we developed a detailed pharmacodynamic … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":375,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-397","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPK-PD Modeling of Biofilm Infections - Charles Roth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PK-PD Modeling of Biofilm Infections - Charles Roth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Accurate pharmacokinetic\u2013pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models of biofilm treatment could be used to guide formulation and administration strategies to better control bacterial lung infections. To this end, we developed a detailed pharmacodynamic … Read More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Charles Roth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-22T21:08:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/205\/2025\/08\/fig1-1024x576.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/\",\"name\":\"PK-PD Modeling of Biofilm Infections - Charles Roth\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/205\/2025\/08\/fig1-1024x576.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-12-09T19:57:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-08-22T21:08:02+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/205\/2025\/08\/fig1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/205\/2025\/08\/fig1.png\",\"width\":2880,\"height\":1620},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"PK-PD Modeling of Biofilm Infections\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/\",\"name\":\"Charles Roth\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"PK-PD Modeling of Biofilm Infections - Charles Roth","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/charles-roth\/pbpk-modeling-of-nanomedicines\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"PK-PD Modeling of Biofilm Infections - Charles Roth","og_description":"Accurate pharmacokinetic\u2013pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models of biofilm treatment could be used to guide formulation and administration strategies to better control bacterial lung infections. 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