{"id":1399,"date":"2021-10-13T13:19:19","date_gmt":"2021-10-13T13:19:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/?p=1399"},"modified":"2022-04-11T14:41:32","modified_gmt":"2022-04-11T14:41:32","slug":"la-preservation-de-la-litterature-francaise-dans-le-cinema-moderne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-preservation-de-la-litterature-francaise-dans-le-cinema-moderne\/","title":{"rendered":"Quand le cin\u00e9ma nous enseigne la litt\u00e9rature!"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Il est tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quent qu\u2019un livre ou une \u0153uvre de litt\u00e9rature c\u00e9l\u00e8bre fasse l\u2019objet d\u2019une adaptation cin\u00e9matographique. En fait, il existe beaucoup d’exemples de films bas\u00e9s sur des romans ou autres \u0153uvres de la litt\u00e9rature fran\u00e7aise et m\u00eame les Am\u00e9ricains s’y int\u00e9ressent. Voici deux grands exemples de films qui illustrent ces \u0153uvres bien connues de la litt\u00e9rature fran\u00e7aise. On va parler de la fa\u00e7on dont ils ont su mettre ces \u0153uvres \u00e0 l\u2019avant-plan et toucher un large public.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les Mis\u00e9rables<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Il y a beaucoup d\u2019adaptations des Mis\u00e9rables, la plus r\u00e9cente \u00e9tant la com\u00e9die musicale de 2012 avec Hugh Jackman et Anne Hathaway. L\u2019intrigue de l\u2019\u0153uvre de Victor Hugo est centr\u00e9e sur la g\u00e9n\u00e9rosit\u00e9 et la mis\u00e9ricorde, et comment ces qualit\u00e9s am\u00e8nent les individus \u00e0 devenir de meilleures personnes. De nombreux critiques s\u2019accordent \u00e0 dire que cette nouvelle adaptation repr\u00e9sente bien cette id\u00e9e. Jean Valjean est un criminel condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 19 ans de prison pour avoir vol\u00e9 un pain. Quand Valjean sera lib\u00e9r\u00e9, il arrivera \u00e0 la ville de Digne. M. Myriel, le pr\u00eatre local va accueillir Valjean chez lui.<\/span> Or, on se souvient que Valjean remercie le pr\u00eatre en volant son argenterie! La police attrape le voleur, mais Myriel d\u00e9fend son prot\u00e9g\u00e9 en disant qu\u2019il a lui-m\u00eame donn\u00e9 l\u2019argenterie \u00e0 Valjean et que celui-ci ne devrait pas \u00eatre arr\u00eat\u00e9. Cet acte de mis\u00e9ricorde entra\u00eene un changement radical chez Valjean, lequel va marquer la suite du roman. <\/span>Plus tard, Valjean, qui fait partie de la r\u00e9volution, aurait l’occasion de tuer Javert, l\u2019homme qui veut r\u00e9primer la r\u00e9volution et ex\u00e9cuter Valjean pour ses crimes pass\u00e9s.<\/span> Au lieu de cela, Valjean prend Javert et lui rend sa libert\u00e9.<\/span> Suite \u00e0 ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements Javert aurait aussi l’occasion de tuer Valjean mais il le lib\u00e8re en retour. <\/span>D\u2019une certaine fa\u00e7on, l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation musicale l\u00e9g\u00e8re des Mis\u00e9rables d\u00e9peint ce cycle de g\u00e9n\u00e9rosit\u00e9 et de r\u00e9demption et comment \u00eatre mis\u00e9ricordieux envers une personne fera en sorte que cette personne sera, \u00e0 son tour, mis\u00e9ricordieuse envers un autre et ainsi de suite.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Par contre, certains diraient que l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re souvent ludique du film ne rend pas justice aux th\u00e8mes plus sombres explor\u00e9s dans Les Mis\u00e9rables. Les Th\u00e9nardier, \u00e9galement protagonistes de l’intrigue, commettent, eux, des crimes terribles qui vont marquer l’enfance de la fille adoptive de Valjean.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Pour vous faire une id\u00e9e, voici la sc\u00e8ne (en anglais) de Fantine chantant au sujet de ses chagrins, elle est certainement encore sombre:<\/span><\/p>\n

Les Mis\u00e9rables (2012) – I Dreamed A Dream Scene (1\/10) | Movieclips<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Et voici la description de Fantine dans le roman:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u201cElle parlait ainsi, bris\u00e9e en deux, secou\u00e9e par les sanglots, aveugl\u00e9e par les larmes, la gorge nue, se tordant les mains, toussant d\u2019une toux s\u00e8che et courte, balbutiant tout doucement avec la voix de l\u2019agonie. La grande douleur est un rayon divin et terrible qui transfigure les mis\u00e9rables.\u201d (Victor Hugo, Livre V, Chapitre XIII)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Peut-\u00eatre que les metteurs en sc\u00e8ne ont choisi le genre de la com\u00e9die musicale afin de d\u00e9peindre les sc\u00e8nes du roman d\u2019une mani\u00e8re qui soit agr\u00e9able \u00e0 tous. Il est plus facile de regarder quelqu’un chanter sur la souffrance que de regarder la souffrance elle-m\u00eame. Comme on peut le voir, le film s’est fortement inspir\u00e9 du livre et il permet de diffuser cette oeuvre bien au-del\u00e0 de la France.<\/span><\/p>\n

Madame Bovary<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Parlant des adaptations modernes de romans classiques, je voudrais parler du film Madame Bovary<\/em> (2014). Ce texte raconte l\u2019histoire sombre d\u2019un mariage qui va se terminer de mani\u00e8re dramatique. Charles Bovary, un m\u00e9decin, se marie avec Emma, une belle fermi\u00e8re \u00e9lev\u00e9e dans un couvent. Au d\u00e9but, elle anticipe le mariage comme une vie d\u2019aventure mais elle d\u00e9couvre vite que cette vision lui vient des romans qu’elle a lus. Elle s\u2019ennuie de plus en plus dans son existence de classe moyenne, et m\u00eame la naissance de leur fille, Berthe, apporte peu de joie \u00e0 Emma. Emma essaie de recr\u00e9er les choses telles qu\u2019elle les lit dans les livres, mais elle n\u2019est jamais satisfaite. Dans sa liaison avec l’un de ses amants, L\u00e9on, elle vend certains de ses biens pour avoir plus d\u2019argent. Elle donne cet argent \u00e0 L\u00e9on pour qu\u2019il puisse acheter ses extravagants cadeaux<\/span>. <\/span>Emma commence \u00e0 se rendre compte que sa qu\u00eate romantique et ses aventures amoureuses sont d\u00e9sastreuses, et elle est bient\u00f4t pleines de dettes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" \"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0L\u2019actrice qui joue le r\u00f4le d\u2019Emma Bovary, dans l’adaptation de 2014, est Mia Wasokowska. Plusieurs critiques disent qu\u2019elle n\u2019est pas la m\u00eame beaut\u00e9 que dans le livre, mais elle reste le personnage que les lecteurs et lectrices du roman connaissent. Wasokowska joue bien une femme qui recherche le changement et l\u2019aventure.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Cependant, beaucoup de critiques trouvent que la repr\u00e9sentation d\u2019Emma dans le film diff\u00e8re du roman. Flaubert, dans son \u0153uvre, veut montrer qu’une partie d’Emma est \u00e9go\u00efste et blessante. Certains soutiennent que le film est beaucoup plus indulgent envers Emma et qu’il en fait une victime.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0M\u00eame si les adaptations dont nous avons parl\u00e9 s’\u00e9cartent des romans qu’ils mettent en sc\u00e8ne, il est important de voir que le cin\u00e9ma est un formidable moyen de transmettre la litt\u00e9rature au-del\u00e0 de ses fronti\u00e8res, et que gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 lui, vous et moi, avons acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des oeuvres qui posent encore et toujours des questions fondamentales \u00e0 notre “humanit\u00e9”.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bibliographie<\/b><\/p>\n

Les Mis\u00e9rables Sc\u00e8ne de Fantine: <\/span>https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ulJXiB5i_q0&ab_channel=Movieclips<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Les Mis\u00e9rables, Image de la couverture du livre: <\/span>https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Miserables-Signet-Classics-Victor-Hugo\/dp\/045141943X<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Les Mis\u00e9rables, Image de la couverture du film:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Les_Mis%C3%A9rables_(2012_film)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Madame Bovary, Image de la couverture du livre:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Madame-Bovary-Classics-Gustave-Flaubert\/dp\/0553213415<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Madame Bovary, Image de la couverture du film:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madame_Bovary_(2014_film)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Il est tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quent qu\u2019un livre ou une \u0153uvre de litt\u00e9rature c\u00e9l\u00e8bre fasse l\u2019objet d\u2019une adaptation cin\u00e9matographique. En fait, il existe beaucoup d’exemples de … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1917,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[171,164],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-films","category-litteratures"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nQuand le cin\u00e9ma nous enseigne la litt\u00e9rature! - La P'tite Gazette<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-preservation-de-la-litterature-francaise-dans-le-cinema-moderne\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Quand le cin\u00e9ma nous enseigne la litt\u00e9rature! - La P'tite Gazette\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Il est tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quent qu\u2019un livre ou une \u0153uvre de litt\u00e9rature c\u00e9l\u00e8bre fasse l\u2019objet d\u2019une adaptation cin\u00e9matographique. 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