{"id":1721,"date":"2021-12-14T20:17:05","date_gmt":"2021-12-14T20:17:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/?p=1721"},"modified":"2022-05-16T18:45:41","modified_gmt":"2022-05-16T18:45:41","slug":"un-tour-de-france-litteraire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/","title":{"rendered":"Un Tour de France litt\u00e9raire"},"content":{"rendered":"

Quand on lit une oeuvre litt\u00e9raire, on est dans un lieu imaginaire, mais souvent ces lieux sont inspir\u00e9s de paysages r\u00e9els. On peut ainsi faire du tourisme tout en restant bien au chaud chez soi!<\/span><\/p>\n

En France, il y a beaucoup de mus\u00e9es consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 pr\u00e9server le milieu d\u2019auteurs c\u00e9l\u00e8bres, et les Fran\u00e7ais sont connus pour \u00eatre tr\u00e8s fiers de leurs \u00e9crivains et po\u00e8tes. Et quand on fait des recherches sur les biographies et les textes de certains auteurs, il est clair que ceux-ci ont \u00e9t\u00e9 influenc\u00e9s par les lieux o\u00f9 ils ont v\u00e9cu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Par exemple, Albert Camus a \u00e9crit <\/span>L\u2019\u00c9tranger<\/span><\/i>, un roman qui se passe tout entier \u00e0 Algers et \u00e0 Marengo, Marengo qui s\u2019appelle maintenant Hadjout. Camus a pass\u00e9 la plupart de sa vie en Alg\u00e9rie, et il connaissait bien la r\u00e9gion quand il a commenc\u00e9 son r\u00e9cit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Victor Hugo est un romancier et un po\u00e8te. On conna\u00eet tous <\/span>Les mis\u00e9rables<\/span><\/i> et <\/span>Notre-Dame de Paris<\/span><\/i>, et tous les deux montrent Paris en belle forme. Dans ses po\u00e8mes, il parle plut\u00f4t de la Normandie, une r\u00e9gion qui lui est ch\u00e8re parce que sa fille y est morte, en se noyant dans la Seine, \u00e0 Villequier. Il faut mentionner que Hugo a d\u00e9plac\u00e9 de quelques dizaines de kilom\u00e8tres le cadre de son po\u00e8me \u201cDemain, d\u00e8s l\u2019aube,\u201d quand il s\u2019agit de la tombe de sa fille. Cependant, quoique ce cadre ne soit pas \u00e0 Villequier, mais Harfleur, on reste dans une Normandie r\u00e9elle – peut-\u00eatre a-t-il chang\u00e9 le nom du lieu pour mieux “fleurir” la tombe.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Gustave Flaubert vient de Rouen, et on retrouve beaucoup de noms locaux comme Honfleur, Le Havre, Totes, et plus dans ses oeuvres les plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres comme <\/span>Un coeur simple<\/span><\/i>, et <\/span>Madame Bovary.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Jean-Jacques Rousseau \u00e9crit des romans et des oeuvres non romanesques, mais il d\u00e9pend aussi des lieux qu\u2019il connaissait pour \u00e9tablir les cadres. Il est n\u00e9 \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve, et cela est apparent dans son roman <\/span>La nouvelle H\u00e9lo\u00efse<\/span><\/i>, qui se passe tout entier sur les rives du Lac L\u00e9man; plus tard, il \u00e9crit ses <\/span>R\u00eaveries du promeneur solitaire<\/span><\/i>, o\u00f9 il d\u00e9crit en grand d\u00e9tail l\u2019\u00cele de Saint-Pierre en Suisse. Pour Rousseau, cette \u00eele est essentielle parce que c\u2019est l\u00e0 qu\u2019il trouvera le v\u00e9ritable bonheur!<\/span><\/p>\n

Arthur Rimbaud, le po\u00e8te qui a \u00e9crit toute son oeuvre en quatre ans, est de Charleville-M\u00e9zi\u00e8res, une ville dans les Ardennes et tout pr\u00e8s de la Belgique, et c\u2019est peut-\u00eatre pour cela qu\u2019il a \u00e9crit sur la guerre franco-prussienne.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire est repr\u00e9sentatif des d\u00e9partements d\u2019outre-mers parce qu\u2019il a habit\u00e9 \u00e0 la Martinique; il raconte sa vie en tant qu\u2019homme noir dans un pays francophone, et il parle aussi de son pays natal. En fait son oeuvre la plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre s\u2019appelle justement <\/span>Cahier d\u2019un retour au pays natal<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c9videmment, Paris, la capitale de la France, est la ville avec le plus d\u2019\u00e9crivains–parmi eux on trouve Madame de Sta\u00ebl, et aussi les po\u00e8tes Alphonse de Lamartine, Charles Baudelaire, et Guillaume Apollinaire. Madame de Sta\u00ebl y tient salon, mais elle est \u00e9crivaine elle-m\u00eame. Dans un de ses textes, elle compare la litt\u00e9rature de r\u00e9gions diff\u00e9rentes en Europe parce que, pour elle, la litt\u00e9rature varie justement en raison de la g\u00e9ographie et du climat. Lamartine, un po\u00e8te du d\u00e9but du dix-neuvi\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, s\u2019inspire directement des paysages dans lesquels il a s\u00e9journ\u00e9, comme le Lac du Bourget (tout pr\u00e8s des Alpes). Baudelaire \u00e9crit au milieu de ce si\u00e8cle, et sa po\u00e9sie inclut ses points de vue sur un Paris qui s\u2019industrialise, tout comme Apollinaire, qui d\u00e9crit la ville dans son c\u00e9l\u00e8bre po\u00e8me \u201cLe pont Mirabeau.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

J\u2019aimerais finir avec Marcel Proust, un des \u00e9crivains les plus importants du vingti\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, qui a \u00e9crit <\/span>\u00c0 la recherche du temps perdu<\/span><\/i>. Chez lui, les lieux sont tellement importants, car ils lui permettent de retracer ses souvenirs (imaginaires), qu\u2019il n\u2019y aura plus de diff\u00e9rences entre la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 et la fiction. C\u2019est ainsi que le vrai village que Proust connaissait, Illiers, est peu \u00e0 peu devenu Combray (le village du roman). Et de nos jours, le \u201cvrai\u201d nom du \u201cvrai\u201d village n\u2019est plus vraiment Illiers, mais Combray–officiellement c\u2019est Illiers-Combray depuis 1971. Avec Proust, la fiction devient r\u00e9elle, et la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 se m\u00e9lange \u00e0 la fiction.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Une carte qui montre les lieux francophones d\u2019\u00e9crivains c\u00e9l\u00e8bres.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"
La m\u00eame carte, mais avec plus de d\u00e9tails.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
Ici, c\u2019est un jardin qui s\u2019appelle Le Pr\u00e9 Catalan, qui se situe sur le c\u00f4t\u00e9 fictionnel de M\u00e9s\u00e9glise (qui s\u2019appelle vraiment M\u00e9r\u00e9glise).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"
La maison de la tante de Proust, pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e aujourd\u2019hui comme mus\u00e9e.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
Le Loir, la petite rivi\u00e8re qui court entre Illiers-Combray.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"
L\u2019\u00e9glise de St. \u00c9man, qui est du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de Guermantes et pr\u00e8s du Loir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Quand on lit une oeuvre litt\u00e9raire, on est dans un lieu imaginaire, mais souvent ces lieux sont inspir\u00e9s de paysages r\u00e9els. On peut ainsi faire du tourisme tout en restant … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2088,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[164],"tags":[43,278,283,303,296,302],"class_list":["post-1721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-litteratures","tag-francophonie","tag-culturefrancaise","tag-hugo","tag-proust","tag-rimbaud","tag-rousseau"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUn Tour de France litt\u00e9raire - La P'tite Gazette<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un Tour de France litt\u00e9raire - La P'tite Gazette\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Quand on lit une oeuvre litt\u00e9raire, on est dans un lieu imaginaire, mais souvent ces lieux sont inspir\u00e9s de paysages r\u00e9els. On peut ainsi faire du tourisme tout en restant … Read More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"La P'tite Gazette\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-12-14T20:17:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-05-16T18:45:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2021\/12\/Screen-Shot-2021-12-14-at-12.26.37-AM-300x172.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Gill Woody\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Gill Woody\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/\",\"name\":\"Un Tour de France litt\u00e9raire - La P'tite Gazette\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2021\/12\/Screen-Shot-2021-12-14-at-12.26.37-AM-300x172.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-12-14T20:17:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-05-16T18:45:41+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/fd9b4beb5eb41572f354fbb58075daee\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2021\/12\/Screen-Shot-2021-12-14-at-12.26.37-AM.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2021\/12\/Screen-Shot-2021-12-14-at-12.26.37-AM.png\",\"width\":1318,\"height\":756,\"caption\":\"Une carte qui montre les lieux francophones d\u2019\u00e9crivains c\u00e9l\u00e8bres.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Un Tour de France litt\u00e9raire\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/\",\"name\":\"La P'tite Gazette\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/fd9b4beb5eb41572f354fbb58075daee\",\"name\":\"Gill Woody\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/59e32acf07f2784cf275a5afcd9330ff9835101e9ff509cac91babd2517c0f26?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/59e32acf07f2784cf275a5afcd9330ff9835101e9ff509cac91babd2517c0f26?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Gill Woody\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/author\/smw301\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Un Tour de France litt\u00e9raire - La P'tite Gazette","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Un Tour de France litt\u00e9raire - La P'tite Gazette","og_description":"Quand on lit une oeuvre litt\u00e9raire, on est dans un lieu imaginaire, mais souvent ces lieux sont inspir\u00e9s de paysages r\u00e9els. On peut ainsi faire du tourisme tout en restant … Read More","og_url":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/","og_site_name":"La P'tite Gazette","article_published_time":"2021-12-14T20:17:05+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-05-16T18:45:41+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2021\/12\/Screen-Shot-2021-12-14-at-12.26.37-AM-300x172.png"}],"author":"Gill Woody","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Gill Woody","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/","url":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/","name":"Un Tour de France litt\u00e9raire - La P'tite Gazette","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2021\/12\/Screen-Shot-2021-12-14-at-12.26.37-AM-300x172.png","datePublished":"2021-12-14T20:17:05+00:00","dateModified":"2022-05-16T18:45:41+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/fd9b4beb5eb41572f354fbb58075daee"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2021\/12\/Screen-Shot-2021-12-14-at-12.26.37-AM.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2021\/12\/Screen-Shot-2021-12-14-at-12.26.37-AM.png","width":1318,"height":756,"caption":"Une carte qui montre les lieux francophones d\u2019\u00e9crivains c\u00e9l\u00e8bres."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/un-tour-de-france-litteraire\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Un Tour de France litt\u00e9raire"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#website","url":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/","name":"La P'tite Gazette","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/fd9b4beb5eb41572f354fbb58075daee","name":"Gill Woody","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/59e32acf07f2784cf275a5afcd9330ff9835101e9ff509cac91babd2517c0f26?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/59e32acf07f2784cf275a5afcd9330ff9835101e9ff509cac91babd2517c0f26?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Gill Woody"},"url":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/author\/smw301\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1721","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2088"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1721"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1721\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1734,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1721\/revisions\/1734"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1721"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1721"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1721"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}