{"id":3421,"date":"2022-12-22T15:34:30","date_gmt":"2022-12-22T15:34:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/?p=3421"},"modified":"2023-01-04T15:06:29","modified_gmt":"2023-01-04T15:06:29","slug":"la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/","title":{"rendered":"La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, oui mais!"},"content":{"rendered":"

La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression est une valeur importante dans la d\u00e9mocratie fran\u00e7aise, mais elle cr\u00e9e aussi beaucoup de controverses. La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression est inscrite dans la D\u00e9claration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen<\/a><\/em>, et c’est un droit dont on a beaucoup parl\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment. Dans l\u2019article 11, il est dit que \u00abLa libre communication des pens\u00e9es et des opinions est un des droits les plus pr\u00e9cieux de l’homme : tout citoyen peut donc parler, \u00e9crire, imprimer librement, sauf \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre de l’abus de cette libert\u00e9 dans les cas d\u00e9termin\u00e9s par la loi \u00bb. La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression est un droit inali\u00e9nable (qui n\u2019est pas n\u00e9gociable), qui n\u2019existait pas avant la R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise. \u00abLe roi, le clerg\u00e9, les juges pouvaient condamner \u00e0 la prison, aux gal\u00e8res, voire \u00e0 la mort, toute personne qui exprimait des critiques envers le roi ou l\u2019\u00c9glise catholique\u00bb (O\u00f9-est France, 2021<\/a>). C\u2019est la raison pour laquelle la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression est toujours tellement importante aujourd\u2019hui. Cependant, c\u2019est plus compliqu\u00e9 que cela, car la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression n\u2019a pas sa place aupr\u00e8s de certaines communaut\u00e9s religieuses, comme celles des Musulmans. Leur religion leur interdit, par exemple, toute repr\u00e9sentation de leur proph\u00e8te Mahomet. Ils n\u2019ont pas le droit de lui donner un visage. Tout comme ils doivent suivre les r\u00e8gles dict\u00e9es par le Coran. Ces r\u00e8gles sont contraires aux valeurs de la R\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise qui exige que l\u2019Etat soit la\u00efc (pas de signe religieux dans les lieux publics), et qui respecte la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression (donc le droit de dessiner ce qu\u2019on veut). Ces conflits ont donn\u00e9 lieu au d\u00e9bat sur le port du voile, entre autres, et \u00e0 celui concernant les caricatures – la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression donne le droit de repr\u00e9senter le proph\u00e8te si on en a envie, car il n\u2019y a pas de censure.<\/p>\n

Ce conflit a eu de graves cons\u00e9quences en France et a provoqu\u00e9 des actes tr\u00e8s violents de la part d\u2019extr\u00e9mistes religieux. Il y a d\u2019abord eu l\u2019attaque dans les bureaux de Charlie Hebdo<\/em>, un magazine fran\u00e7ais satirique, qui a tenu \u00e0 d\u00e9fendre le droit \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression en publiant des caricatures de Mahomet. Dix-sept Fran\u00e7ais ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9s, onze \u00e9taient journalistes pour le magazine Charlie Hebdo<\/em> et les autres y travaillaient.<\/p>\n

Plus tard, c\u2019est le meurtre de Samuel Paty, professeur d\u2019histoire dans un lyc\u00e9e, d\u00e9capit\u00e9 par un islamiste extr\u00eamiste, pour avoir montr\u00e9 un dessin du proph\u00e8te Mahomet en classe, qui a frapp\u00e9 la France, surtout que Paty n\u2019a pas montr\u00e9 cette caricature pour d\u00e9fendre la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, mais juste pour poser la question du respect de cette libert\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Le droit \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, un droit inscrit dans la D\u00e9claration des droits de l\u2019homme et du citoyen<\/em>, et dans toutes les constitutions modernes, reste un droit fragile, \u00e0 d\u00e9fendre envers et contre tout. Renoncer \u00e0 ce droit, c\u2019est permettre aux extr\u00e9mistes religieux et politiques de prendre le pouvoir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Les sources:
\nhttps:\/\/www.ouest-france.fr\/culture\/histoire\/connais-tu-l-histoire-de-la-liberte-d-expression-7176189<\/a>
\nhttps:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Libert%C3%A9_d%27expression#France<\/a>
\nhttps:\/\/www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr\/le-bloc-de-constitutionnalite\/declaration-des-droits-de-l-homme-et-du-citoyen-de-1789 <\/a>
\nhttps:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/fr\/2020\/10\/30\/world\/europe\/attaques-france-musulmans.html <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression est une valeur importante dans la d\u00e9mocratie fran\u00e7aise, mais elle cr\u00e9e aussi beaucoup de controverses. La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression est inscrite dans la D\u00e9claration des droits de l’homme … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2730,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[184],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-histoire"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, oui mais! - La P'tite Gazette<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, oui mais! - La P'tite Gazette\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression est une valeur importante dans la d\u00e9mocratie fran\u00e7aise, mais elle cr\u00e9e aussi beaucoup de controverses. La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression est inscrite dans la D\u00e9claration des droits de l’homme … Read More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"La P'tite Gazette\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-12-22T15:34:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-04T15:06:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2022\/12\/je-suis-charlie.jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Adelynne M. Antilus\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Adelynne M. Antilus\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/\",\"name\":\"La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, oui mais! - La P'tite Gazette\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2022\/12\/je-suis-charlie.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-12-22T15:34:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-01-04T15:06:29+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/2bd57eee2ea26d8c25efee0713ef18a3\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2022\/12\/je-suis-charlie.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2022\/12\/je-suis-charlie.jpeg\",\"width\":700,\"height\":338},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, oui mais!\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/\",\"name\":\"La P'tite Gazette\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/2bd57eee2ea26d8c25efee0713ef18a3\",\"name\":\"Adelynne M. Antilus\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bc364315feda09b7e5bdc0f1e6607db9?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bc364315feda09b7e5bdc0f1e6607db9?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Adelynne M. Antilus\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/author\/ama511\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, oui mais! - La P'tite Gazette","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, oui mais! - La P'tite Gazette","og_description":"La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression est une valeur importante dans la d\u00e9mocratie fran\u00e7aise, mais elle cr\u00e9e aussi beaucoup de controverses. La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression est inscrite dans la D\u00e9claration des droits de l’homme … Read More","og_url":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/","og_site_name":"La P'tite Gazette","article_published_time":"2022-12-22T15:34:30+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-01-04T15:06:29+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2022\/12\/je-suis-charlie.jpeg"}],"author":"Adelynne M. Antilus","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Adelynne M. Antilus","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/","url":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/","name":"La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, oui mais! - La P'tite Gazette","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2022\/12\/je-suis-charlie.jpeg","datePublished":"2022-12-22T15:34:30+00:00","dateModified":"2023-01-04T15:06:29+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/2bd57eee2ea26d8c25efee0713ef18a3"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2022\/12\/je-suis-charlie.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/592\/2022\/12\/je-suis-charlie.jpeg","width":700,"height":338},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/la-liberte-dexpression-oui-mais-2\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"La libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, oui mais!"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#website","url":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/","name":"La P'tite Gazette","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/2bd57eee2ea26d8c25efee0713ef18a3","name":"Adelynne M. Antilus","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bc364315feda09b7e5bdc0f1e6607db9?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bc364315feda09b7e5bdc0f1e6607db9?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Adelynne M. Antilus"},"url":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/author\/ama511\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3421"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2730"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3421"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3461,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3421\/revisions\/3461"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}