{"id":3437,"date":"2022-12-25T00:35:54","date_gmt":"2022-12-25T00:35:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/?p=3437"},"modified":"2025-03-12T16:23:07","modified_gmt":"2025-03-12T20:23:07","slug":"victor-daveyron-et-la-theorie-de-lacquisition-du-langage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/victor-daveyron-et-la-theorie-de-lacquisition-du-langage\/","title":{"rendered":"Victor de l’Aveyron face \u00e0 la th\u00e9orie de l’acquisition du langage"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dans les th\u00e9ories de l\u2019acquisition du langage, on a trouv\u00e9 que la <\/span>P\u00e9riode Critique<\/span><\/i>, la p\u00e9riode o\u00f9 un enfant peut acqu\u00e9rir le plus facilement une seconde langue, allait de la naissance \u00e0 la pubert\u00e9. Par ailleurs, la p\u00e9riode o\u00f9 un enfant peut apprendre sa langue maternelle est surtout pendant les premi\u00e8res quatre ann\u00e9es de sa vie. Mais, qu\u2019est-ce qui se passe lorsqu’un enfant n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 expos\u00e9 au langage au cours de cette p\u00e9riode critique, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire de sa naissance jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 12-14 ans? L\u2019exemple d\u2019un cas est celui de Victor, un enfant abandonn\u00e9 par ses parents et trouv\u00e9 dans la for\u00eat de l\u2019Aveyron vers 1800. Il aurait pass\u00e9 les premi\u00e8res douze ann\u00e9es de sa vie seul. Il ne savait pas parler.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pourquoi cette <\/span>P\u00e9riode Critique<\/span><\/i>? Pendant la <\/span>P\u00e9riode Critique<\/span><\/i>, le cerveau est plus mall\u00e9able et utilise plus d\u2019influx nerveux pour traiter l\u2019information sensorielle. De plus, le cerveau utilise les fonctions de plusieurs lieux pour apprendre le langage. Apr\u00e8s la <\/span>P\u00e9riode Critique<\/span><\/i>, par contre, il utilise principalement l’h\u00e9misph\u00e8re gauche du cerveau. Quand la <\/span>P\u00e9riode Critique<\/span><\/i> se termine, le cerveau perd de sa plasticit\u00e9 et il est donc plus difficile d’acqu\u00e9rir une\u00a0 langue. Si l\u2019on n\u2019apprend pas sa langue maternelle durant la P\u00e9riode Critique, on ne comprendra pas comment fonctionne le langage et, selon les \u00e9tudes, en particulier la syntaxe. Ici encore, le cas de Victor est utile<\/span><\/p>\n

Parce que Victor a v\u00e9cu jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la pubert\u00e9 sans aucune relation sociale, il ne savait pas parler, et il n\u2019apprendra jamais vraiment \u00e0 parler. Avec l\u2019aide du Dr. Itard, Victor \u00e0 pu comprendre des centaines mots, mais il ne pouvait ni comprendre la syntaxe, ni cr\u00e9er des phrases. Parce que son cerveau n\u2019\u00e9tait plus mall\u00e9able, il ne pouvait plus acqu\u00e9rir de langue. Apr\u00e8s cinq ans d\u2019apprentissage avec le Dr. Itard, les r\u00e9sultats de Victor ont montr\u00e9 les difficult\u00e9s d’apprendre une langue apr\u00e8s la<\/span> P\u00e9riode Critique,<\/span><\/i> et ont ainsi annonc\u00e9 les th\u00e9ories plus modernes de l\u2019acquisition du langage.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Les sources:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/dictionary.apa.org\/wild-boy-of-aveyron<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/mn.gov\/mnddc\/parallels\/three\/4.html<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/cbcd.bbk.ac.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/cbcd\/files\/interlearn\/FriedmannRusou_criticalPeriodLanguage_curOpNeurobi15.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/news.mit.edu\/2018\/cognitive-scientists-define-critical-period-learning-language-0501<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dans les th\u00e9ories de l\u2019acquisition du langage, on a trouv\u00e9 que la P\u00e9riode Critique, la p\u00e9riode o\u00f9 un enfant peut acqu\u00e9rir le plus facilement une seconde langue, allait de la … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2715,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[184,452],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3437","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-histoire","category-langue-francaise"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nVictor de l'Aveyron face \u00e0 la th\u00e9orie de l'acquisition du langage - La P'tite Gazette<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/victor-daveyron-et-la-theorie-de-lacquisition-du-langage\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Victor de l'Aveyron face \u00e0 la th\u00e9orie de l'acquisition du langage - 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