{"id":3955,"date":"2023-03-10T11:59:22","date_gmt":"2023-03-10T16:59:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/?p=3955"},"modified":"2023-03-12T17:45:28","modified_gmt":"2023-03-12T21:45:28","slug":"kreyols","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/kreyols\/","title":{"rendered":"Krey\u00f2ls"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les pays et territoires fran\u00e7ais utilisent la langue fran\u00e7aise. C’est le cas pour des pays comme la France, le Canada, la Belgique est bien d\u2019autres encore. Mais il y a aussi des \u00eeles francophones. Ce sont Ha\u00efti, la Guadeloupe, la Martinique (pour les Cara\u00efbes), la Guyane (pour l’Atlantique) et l’\u00eele de la R\u00e9union (oc\u00e9an Indien), parmi d’autres. L\u00e0, on parle\u00a0 cr\u00e9ole – c\u2019est la langue officielle, \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 du fran\u00e7ais<\/span><\/p>\n

Un cr\u00e9ole se forme lorsque diff\u00e9rentes langues se m\u00e9langent en une nouvelle forme en un court laps de temps. Environ 13 millions de personnes parlent un cr\u00e9ole d’origine fran\u00e7aise dans le monde. 11 millions d’entre eux parlent le cr\u00e9ole ha\u00eftien. Les autres \u00eeles sont bien moins peupl\u00e9es.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Martinique<\/p>\n

Les cr\u00e9oles martiniquais et guadeloup\u00e9ens sont n\u00e9s quand les esclaves Africains ont \u00e9t\u00e9 amen\u00e9s aux Antilles fran\u00e7aises. Les Africains parlaient leurs dialectes africains et les colons le fran\u00e7ais. Tout ce monde avait bien s\u00fbr des difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 communiquer entre eux, et n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 retenu que ce qui \u00e9tait n\u00e9cessaire pour un minimum de compr\u00e9hension. Par exemple, pour dire \u201cNous n\u2019avons pas travaill\u00e9\u201d, ils disent \u201cNous point travailler\u201d. Cette\u00a0 simplification se m\u00eale aux dialectes africains pour cr\u00e9er la nouvelle langue. Les creoles existent seulement l\u00e0 o\u00f9 il a eu de l\u2019esclavage.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Les cr\u00e9oles martiniquais et guadeloup\u00e9ens ne sont pas les seuls cr\u00e9oles bas\u00e9s sur le fran\u00e7ais. Le cr\u00e9ole ha\u00eftien est n\u00e9 \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s en m\u00eame temps que le martiniquais et pour des raisons similaires. Il est le r\u00e9sultat d\u2019un m\u00e9lange d\u00fb \u00e0 l’arriv\u00e9e de diff\u00e9rentes origines. Tous les cr\u00e9oles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 produits en moins d\u2019un si\u00e8cle. D\u2019autres cr\u00e9oles sont parl\u00e9s en Guyane, et \u00e0 la R\u00e9union. La majorit\u00e9 des cr\u00e9oles sont bas\u00e9s sur le fran\u00e7ais. Comme il s’agit de fran\u00e7ais m\u00e9lang\u00e9s \u00e0 des dialectes africains, ils sont tr\u00e8s similaires. Toutefois le cr\u00e9ole guyanais est un peu diff\u00e9rent car il y a aussi un apport portugais. Il y a de petites diff\u00e9rences dans l’orthographe et la prononciation.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

C’est un peu similaire aux quatre langues romanes; l\u2019espagnol, le portugais, le fran\u00e7ais, et l\u2019italien. Elles se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es diff\u00e9remment des cr\u00e9oles mais elles pr\u00e9sentent de nombreuses similitudes entre elles puisqu’elles sont toutes d\u00e9riv\u00e9es du latin. Par exemple, ces langues romanes se conjuguent et les substantifs ont des genres. De m\u00eame, il existe de nombreux \u00e9quivalents entre les langues cr\u00e9oles, mais il est quand m\u00eame n\u00e9cessaire de se servir d\u2019un traducteur pour se comprendre les uns les autres.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ce qui est fascinant avec ces cr\u00e9oles, c\u2019est qu\u2019ils sont tous n\u00e9s d\u2019un crime contre l\u2019humanit\u00e9 (l\u2019esclavage), et qu\u2019ils continuent \u00e0 nous en raconter l\u2019histoire.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Discover<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

https:\/\/apics-online.info\/surveys\/50<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/blakes.fr\/les-differences-entre-les-creoles\/<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Martinique<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.mustgo.com\/worldlanguages\/haitian-creole\/#:~:text=It%20is%20based%20on%20French,grammar%2C%20vocabulary%2C%20and%20pragmatics<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les pays et territoires fran\u00e7ais utilisent la langue fran\u00e7aise. C’est le cas pour des pays comme la France, le Canada, la Belgique est bien d\u2019autres encore. Mais il y a … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2597,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[184],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3955","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-histoire"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nKrey\u00f2ls - La P'tite Gazette<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/kreyols\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Krey\u00f2ls - La P'tite Gazette\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les pays et territoires fran\u00e7ais utilisent la langue fran\u00e7aise. 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