{"id":5077,"date":"2025-12-20T13:27:54","date_gmt":"2025-12-20T18:27:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/?p=5077"},"modified":"2025-12-20T13:27:54","modified_gmt":"2025-12-20T18:27:54","slug":"le-pronom-iel-et-la-reponse-de-lacademie-francaise-un-debat-linguistique-et-social","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/le-pronom-iel-et-la-reponse-de-lacademie-francaise-un-debat-linguistique-et-social\/","title":{"rendered":"Le pronom \u00ab iel \u00bb et la r\u00e9ponse de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie Fran\u00e7aise : un d\u00e9bat linguistique et social"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Le pr\u00e9nom iel a \u00e9t\u00e9 invent\u00e9 parce que la langue fran\u00e7aise n&#8217;a pas de mot non genr\u00e9 pour les personnes. Au contraire en anglais il existe un pronom &#8220;them&#8221; et\u00a0 le pronom \u201ciel\u201d vise \u00e0 imiter des pronoms neutres comme \u201cthey\/them\u201d en anglais ou les autres langues germanique.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Le Fran\u00e7ais est une langue romantique avec des origines latines, pour lesquelles le genre est tr\u00e8s important pour tous les mots. A cause de cette importance, le genre est aussi plus int\u00e9gr\u00e9 dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise parce que c&#8217;est un concept qui est pr\u00e9sent dans toutes les conversations quotidiennes. Pour cette raison, la r\u00e9action de l&#8217;Acad\u00e9mie fran\u00e7aise a \u00e9t\u00e9 n\u00e9gative.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">En 2021, le dictionnaire Robert de la langue fran\u00e7aise a inclu \u201ciel\u201d dans sa nouvelle \u00e9dition. Pour le public, cela n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 un \u00e9v\u00e9nement tragique, mais L&#8217;Acad\u00e9mie Fran\u00e7aise en a jug\u00e9 autrement. Ils disent qu&#8217; un nouveau pronom est plus confus pour le public, bien que d\u2019autres langues comme l\u2019Anglais et l&#8217;Allemand ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 trois pronoms, dont un neutre. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Le Robert adopte une approche descriptive : si un mot existe dans la vie r\u00e9elle, on l\u2019enregistre. Cette d\u00e9cision a imm\u00e9diatement provoqu\u00e9 un grand d\u00e9bat. Certains ont applaudi, en disant que c\u2019\u00e9tait une avanc\u00e9e n\u00e9cessaire. D\u2019autres ont cri\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9rive id\u00e9ologique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u2019Acad\u00e9mie Fran\u00e7aise, qui est souvent vue comme la \u201cgardienne\u201d du Fran\u00e7ais, a \u00e9t\u00e9 tr\u00e8s critiqu\u00e9e. Dans un communiqu\u00e9, elle affirme que l\u2019introduction de \u00ab iel \u00bb risque de cr\u00e9er de la confusion. Selon elle, la langue fran\u00e7aise poss\u00e8de d\u00e9j\u00e0 des outils pour parler de mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, comme le masculin \u201cneutre\u201d. Les acad\u00e9miciens d\u00e9fendent une vision stable de la langue qui doit rester structur\u00e9e et ne pas changer trop vite, surtout \u00e0 cause de mouvements sociaux. Pour eux, \u00ab iel \u00bb n\u2019est pas une \u00e9volution naturelle, mais une pression ext\u00e9rieure sur la langue.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beaucoup de personnes ont trouv\u00e9 la r\u00e9action de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie trop conservatrice. Pour les d\u00e9fenseurs du langage inclusif, dire que \u201cle masculin vaut pour neutre\u201d n\u2019est pas suffisant. Ils rappellent que cette r\u00e8gle a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e par une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 in\u00e9galitaire, o\u00f9 le masculin devait dominer le f\u00e9minin.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> En r\u00e9ponse, l&#8217;Acad\u00e9mie Fran\u00e7aise a dit que l\u2019introduction de \u201ciel\u201d dans la langue fran\u00e7aise n\u2019est pas naturelle. Personnellement, je ne suis pas d\u2019accord. A mon avis, la r\u00e9ponse naturelle est de changer la langue pour les personnes non binaires, qui veulent utiliser un mot diff\u00e9rent pour se d\u00e9signer. L\u2019option n\u2019est-elle pas pratique et m\u00eame amusante ?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Quand j\u2019\u00e9tais en troisi\u00e8me, ma professeure de fran\u00e7ais m\u2019a dit qu&#8217;iel est un pronom, et que si je voulais, elle pouvait l\u2019utiliser pour moi. J\u2019ai beaucoup appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 le choix et l\u2019information \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 mon identit\u00e9 \u00e9tait une nouvelle chose pour moi. Maintenant j\u2019aime utiliser \u201cil\u201d aussi, mais \u201ciel\u201d reste un pronom tr\u00e8s sp\u00e9cial pour moi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Le d\u00e9bat autour de \u00ab iel \u00bb n\u2019est finalement pas seulement grammatical. Il pose des questions plus profonde :<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Comment une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 reconna\u00eet-elle les identit\u00e9s minoritaires ?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> La langue doit-elle s\u2019adapter aux changements sociaux ?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Qui d\u00e9cide de qui a \u201craison\u201d en fran\u00e7ais ?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D\u2019un c\u00f4t\u00e9, il y a une vision prescriptive, qui veut garder les r\u00e8gles comme elles sont. De l\u2019autre, une vision descriptive, qui accepte la langue telle que les gens l&#8217;utilisent. Aujourd\u2019hui, le mot continue d\u2019\u00eatre utilis\u00e9, surtout chez les jeunes. Il n&#8217;appara\u00eet pas dans les textes officiels, et les institutions le contestent encore. Mais son existence montre que le fran\u00e7ais est une langue vivante, qui change avec ses locuteurs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Que l\u2019on aime ou non ce pronom, \u00ab iel \u00bb a ouvert une vraie r\u00e9flexion sur le genre, sur l\u2019identit\u00e9 et sur la mani\u00e8re dont la langue peut inclure ou exclure.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Non genr\u00e9 \/ non genr\u00e9e<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Qui ne marque ni le masculin ni le f\u00e9minin.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D\u00e9signer<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Nommer ou parler de quelqu\u2019un ou de quelque chose.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Issue de<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Qui vient de, qui a pour origine.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fortement int\u00e9gr\u00e9<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9sent et profond\u00e9ment ancr\u00e9 dans quelque chose (ici, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9).<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Approche descriptive<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Mani\u00e8re de d\u00e9crire la langue telle qu\u2019elle est r\u00e9ellement utilis\u00e9e par les gens, sans dire ce qui est \u00ab correct \u00bb ou non.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D\u00e9rive id\u00e9ologique<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0 Changement per\u00e7u comme excessif ou motiv\u00e9 par des id\u00e9es politiques ou sociales plut\u00f4t que par des faits.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gardienne (de la langue)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Institution ou personne qui prot\u00e8ge et surveille les r\u00e8gles d\u2019une langue.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Valeur neutre<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Sens g\u00e9n\u00e9ral qui ne pr\u00e9cise pas le genre masculin ou f\u00e9minin.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pression ext\u00e9rieure<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Influence venant de l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur (ici, des mouvements sociaux) qui pousse \u00e0 changer quelque chose.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Soulever (une question)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Mettre en avant un probl\u00e8me ou un sujet de r\u00e9flexion.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Controle\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Que signifie le pronom \u00ab iel \u00bb ?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Un pronom masculin<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Un pronom f\u00e9minin<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Un pronom non genr\u00e9<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Un pronom familier<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Dans quelle situation utilise-t-on le pronom \u00ab iel \u00bb ?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Pour parler uniquement d\u2019un homme<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Pour parler uniquement d\u2019une femme<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Pour parler d\u2019une personne non binaire ou qui ne se reconna\u00eet pas dans \u00ab il \u00bb ou \u00ab elle \u00bb<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Pour parler d\u2019un objet<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Quelle phrase utilise correctement le pronom \u00ab iel \u00bb ?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Iel est contentes aujourd\u2019hui.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Iel est content aujourd\u2019hui.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Iel sont content aujourd\u2019hui.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Iel aimes le fran\u00e7ais.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Quelle est la forme correcte du verbe ?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00ab Iel ___ au cin\u00e9ma ce soir. \u00bb<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. vont<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. vas<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. va<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. allez<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Le pronom \u00ab iel \u00bb est surtout utilis\u00e9 :<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Dans les textes officiels<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. \u00c0 l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie fran\u00e7aise<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Dans le langage courant, surtout chez les jeunes<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Uniquement dans la litt\u00e9rature classique<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Pourquoi l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie fran\u00e7aise critique-t-elle \u00ab iel \u00bb ?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Parce qu\u2019il est trop ancien<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Parce qu\u2019il viendrait du latin<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Parce qu\u2019il risquerait de cr\u00e9er de la confusion<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Parce qu\u2019il est obligatoire<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Quelle phrase est grammaticalement correcte ?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Iel est tr\u00e8s motiv\u00e9 pour son projet.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Iel sont tr\u00e8s motiv\u00e9 pour son projet.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Iel \u00eates tr\u00e8s motiv\u00e9 pour son projet.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Iel motivent pour son projet.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Le dictionnaire <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Le Robert<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> a inclus \u00ab iel \u00bb parce que :<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. L\u2019Acad\u00e9mie l\u2019a demand\u00e9<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Le mot n\u2019est plus utilis\u00e9<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Le mot existe dans l\u2019usage r\u00e9el<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Il est obligatoire \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Le pronom \u00ab iel \u00bb est le plus proche de quel pronom anglais ?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. He<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. She<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. It<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. They<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Quelle phrase correspond \u00e0 une vision descriptive de la langue ?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. La langue ne doit jamais changer.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Seules les r\u00e8gles officielles comptent.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Si les gens utilisent un mot, on peut l\u2019accepter.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Les nouveaux mots sont toujours incorrects.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le pr\u00e9nom iel a \u00e9t\u00e9 invent\u00e9 parce que la langue fran\u00e7aise n&#8217;a pas de mot non genr\u00e9 pour les personnes. Au contraire en anglais il existe un pronom &#8220;them&#8221; et\u00a0 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/le-pronom-iel-et-la-reponse-de-lacademie-francaise-un-debat-linguistique-et-social\/\" class=\"\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4341,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[182,452],"tags":[215,129],"class_list":["post-5077","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-debats","category-langue-francaise","tag-debatpublique","tag-linguistique"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Le pronom \u00ab iel \u00bb et la r\u00e9ponse de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie Fran\u00e7aise : un d\u00e9bat linguistique et social - La P&#039;tite Gazette<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/french-magazine\/le-pronom-iel-et-la-reponse-de-lacademie-francaise-un-debat-linguistique-et-social\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le pronom \u00ab iel \u00bb et la r\u00e9ponse de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie Fran\u00e7aise : un d\u00e9bat linguistique et social - La P&#039;tite Gazette\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le pr\u00e9nom iel a \u00e9t\u00e9 invent\u00e9 parce que la langue fran\u00e7aise n&#8217;a pas de mot non genr\u00e9 pour les personnes. 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