{"id":1051,"date":"2025-06-10T17:17:19","date_gmt":"2025-06-10T17:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/?p=1051"},"modified":"2025-08-27T19:37:40","modified_gmt":"2025-08-27T19:37:40","slug":"indian-wax-scale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/indian-wax-scale\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00a0Indian Wax Scale"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>\u00a0Indian Wax Scale (<em>Ceroplastes ceriferus<\/em>)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h4><strong>GDD Window (base 50): 700-1200<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h4><strong>Overview:<\/strong>\u200b\u200b\u200b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Soft-bodied insects covered in white, waxy secretions, and found on branches and stems\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Adult females are rounded, hemispherical, white, and up to \u00bc&#8221; in diameter \u2013 resemble a wad of gum\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Males do not exist (Parthenogenetic)\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Crawlers are rusty-red\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"9\" data-aria-level=\"1\">All life stages can be found on trigs and branches &amp;\u00a0not foliage\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"10\" data-aria-level=\"1\">One generation per year\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"11\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Overwinter on bark as adults\u00a0= (dormant oils less effective)\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"12\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Sticky honeydew and sooty mold on plant surfaces<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"13\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Yellowing and premature leaf drop, decreased plant vigor, branch <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">dieback\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Host plants<\/span><\/b><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">: <\/span><\/b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">62 plant families<\/span>\u200b\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Evergreen<\/span><\/b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> shrubs including Inkberry holly, blue hollies,\u00a0<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Japanese holly, Chinese holly, boxwood,\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Euonymus<\/span><\/i>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Deciduous<\/span><\/b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0shrubs including\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Spirea<\/span><\/i><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">, flowering quince, <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">barberry,\u00a0Japanese maple<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Management:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h5><strong>Cultural Practices:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Natural predators:<\/span><\/b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> parasitic wasps,\u00a0<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">predatory beetles, ladybeetles, <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">lacewings<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Prune infested branches<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\">Remove by hand when possible\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"2\">Prevent plant stress\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"2\">Give plants ample spacing\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"2\">Avoid over fertilizing\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"2\">Syringing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>Materials:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Contact insecticides:\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u200b\n<ul>\n<li><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Pyrethroids [3]: &#8211;<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">thrins<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Carbamates [1A]: carbaryl<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Systemic insecticides:\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u200b\n<ul>\n<li><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Neonicotinoids [4A]: imidacloprid, <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">dinotefuran, acetamiprid<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Abamectin [6]<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Considerations:<\/span><\/b>\u200b\n<ul>\n<li><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Will harm non-target species<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Target sprays during crawler stage<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>Biorationals:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Horticultural oil\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">(<\/span><\/b><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">not<\/span><\/b><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0dormant)<\/span><\/b>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Insecticidal soap<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Insect Growth Regulators:<\/span>\u200b\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"167\" data-font=\"Wingdings,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1980\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"3\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Pyriproxifen<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0[7C]<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"167\" data-font=\"Wingdings,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1980\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"3\"><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">Buprofezin<\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0[16]<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Resources:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h5><strong><a class=\"btn btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/plant-pest-advisory.rutgers.edu\/some-key-soft-scale-pests-in-the-landscape\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Some Key Soft Scale Pests in the Landscape &#8211; PPA<\/a><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/plant-pest-advisory.rutgers.edu\/landscape-pest-notes-for-late-june-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Landscape Pest Notes for Late June 2023 &#8211; PPA<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1053\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1053\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1053\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/cc10-Indian-Wax-Scale-300x224.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/cc10-Indian-Wax-Scale-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/cc10-Indian-Wax-Scale.jpg 724w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1053\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The recently settled 1st instars of Indian wax scales form a cameo appearance as they are only partially covered with white wax. (Photo Credit: Cornell University)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1054\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1054\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1054\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/cc9-Indian-Wax-Scale-300x221.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"221\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/cc9-Indian-Wax-Scale-300x221.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/cc9-Indian-Wax-Scale.jpg 745w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1054\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The distinctive, large gum-ball shaped waxy exoskeleton of the Indian wax scale. (Photo Credit: Steven K. Rettke, Rutgers Coop. Ext.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1055\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1055\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1055\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/cc7-Indian-Wax-Scale-Cover-300x206.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"206\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/cc7-Indian-Wax-Scale-Cover-300x206.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/cc7-Indian-Wax-Scale-Cover-768x528.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/cc7-Indian-Wax-Scale-Cover.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1055\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Indian wax scale removed from the plant &amp; turned-over. The thickness of the white waxy covering the red body is evident. (Photo Credit: Steven K. Rettke, Rutgers Coop. Ext.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h6><\/h6>\n<h6><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Disclaimer<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\"> &#8211; Materials do not cover all possible control scenarios and are intended for licensed professionals. Tradenames do not imply\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">endorsement and are used as examples. You must strictly follow the label for each compound prior to use. Rutgers is not responsible for<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">m is used materials or damages thereof. The label is the law. Labels will provide detailed information on use and restrictions. Additionally, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">application intervals, compatibility, surfactant use, PHI, PPE, important and other key information is described in detail. Always discuss\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">treatments with your local agents.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@C00000,,\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Note: Neonicotinoids can only be legally applied in commercial agriculture settings by licensed <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@C00000,,\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">applicators.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@3B7F23,9,18:76000\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Guidelines and recommendations made in this presentation are specific to the state of New Jersey.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0Indian Wax Scale (Ceroplastes ceriferus) GDD Window (base 50): 700-1200 Overview:\u200b\u200b\u200b Soft-bodied insects covered in white, waxy secretions, and found on branches and stems\u200b Adult females are rounded, hemispherical, white, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/indian-wax-scale\/\" class=\"\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3407,"featured_media":1052,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pests"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00a0Indian Wax Scale - Nursery IPM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/indian-wax-scale\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00a0Indian Wax Scale - Nursery IPM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00a0Indian Wax Scale (Ceroplastes ceriferus) GDD Window (base 50): 700-1200 Overview:\u200b\u200b\u200b Soft-bodied insects covered in white, waxy secretions, and found on branches and stems\u200b Adult females are rounded, hemispherical, white, &hellip; Read More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/indian-wax-scale\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Nursery IPM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-10T17:17:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-27T19:37:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/cc8-Indian-Wax-Scale.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"733\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"555\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Erin O. 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