{"id":1248,"date":"2025-07-22T19:52:32","date_gmt":"2025-07-22T19:52:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/?p=1248"},"modified":"2025-08-27T19:33:53","modified_gmt":"2025-08-27T19:33:53","slug":"european-hornet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/european-hornet\/","title":{"rendered":"European Hornet"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>European Hornet (<em>Vespa crabro<\/em>)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h4><strong>GDD Window (base 50): 1388-2271 (1st activity)<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h4><strong>Overview:<\/strong>\u200b\u200b\u200b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Amber, honey-colored wasps that are 2x the size of bald-faced hornets\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Gouge bark sections to mix the woody tissue with their saliva to create paper nests and feed young larvae\u00a0\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Return each season to the same tree or shrub\u00a0\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Size of colony nests can range between 300-1000 workers\u00a0\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Nests can be found near girdled trees\/shrubs within the cavities of hollow tree trunks (often more than 6 feet above the ground)\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Colony can remain active until the late weeks of October and early November until all members begin to die-off\u00a0\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1170\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"2\">Only the overwintering queens survive within protected nest areas\u00a0\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Causes bark girdling and stripping\u00a0\u00a0\u200b\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1170\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\">Feeding occurs as if they are eating corn on the cob\u00a0\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1170\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\">Branch death above these areas are inevitable since conducting tissues are severed\u00a0\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Workers will often\u00a0actively be foraging at night\u00a0\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Can provide some beneficial pest controls for moths, caterpillars, yellow-jackets, etc.\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Can be a threat to domestic honeybee hives\u00a0\u00a0\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\">May sting if handled, but usually not aggressive towards people, but will become agitated and defensive if the nest colony is threatened<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"8226\" data-font=\"Arial,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1170\" data-aria-posinset=\"9\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><strong>\u200b<span class=\"TextRun MacChromeBold Underlined SCXP204328659 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SingleUnderline SCXP204328659 BCX0\">Host plants<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span class=\"TextRun MacChromeBold SCXP204328659 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP204328659 BCX0\"><strong>:<\/strong> Birch, rhododendron, lilac, dogwood<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Management:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h5><strong>Cultural Practices:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Observing natural flight <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">patterns away from <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">host trees\/shrubs may <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">help to locate nest\u00a0<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>Materials:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">No registered landscape or nursery pesticide <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">materials for controls\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li><span data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">Plugging or use of an insecticide at entrance areas in <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">trees or wall voids will probably not be effective since <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">a new entrance will typically be created\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li><span data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">When necessary, hire a professional exterminator for <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">the safe removal of nests<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<h4><strong>Resources:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/plant-pest-advisory.rutgers.edu\/european-hornet-the-mysterious-branch-girdler\/#more-15175\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">European Hornet: The Mysterious Branch Girdler &#8211; Plant &amp; Pest Advisory<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1256\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1256\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1256\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-221-300x213.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-221-300x213.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-221.jpg 498w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1256\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Powerful mandibles of hornet at left gouge into the bark &amp; sap tissue. Hornet at right soon became agitated &amp; attacked the camera. Photo by SK Rettke of RCE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1257\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1257\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1257\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-23-300x225-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1257\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">After selecting a birch, rhododendron, or lilac the European hornets may return to the same tree\/shrub season after season. Photo by SK Rettke of RCE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1258\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1258\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1258\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-18-1-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-18-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-18-1.jpg 560w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1258\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">When foraging, these social hornets will often group together &amp; produce significant feeding damage on a selected branch. Photo by SK Rettke of RCE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1259\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1259\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1259\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-15-300x225-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1259\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Same dead branch that was completely girdled by European Hornets. Photo by SK Rettke of RCE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1260\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1260\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1260\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-17-300x225-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1260\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dead branch that was girdled lower down the stem. Photo by SK Rettke of RCE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1261\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1261\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1261\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-8-300x225-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1261\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">European Hornet actively foraging on bark &amp; sap of Birch branch. Photo by SK Rettke of RCE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1262\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1262\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1262\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-16-300x225-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1262\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">River Birch branch girdled by European Hornets.<br \/>Photo by SK Rettke of RCE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<h6><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Disclaimer<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\"> &#8211; Materials do not cover all possible control scenarios and are intended for licensed professionals. Tradenames do not imply\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">endorsement and are used as examples. You must strictly follow the label for each compound prior to use. Rutgers is not responsible for<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">m is used materials or damages thereof. The label is the law. Labels will provide detailed information on use and restrictions. Additionally, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">application intervals, compatibility, surfactant use, PHI, PPE, important and other key information is described in detail. Always discuss\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">treatments with your local agents.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@C00000,,\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Note: Neonicotinoids can only be legally applied in commercial agriculture settings by licensed <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@C00000,,\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">applicators.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@3B7F23,9,18:76000\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Guidelines and recommendations made in this presentation are specific to the state of New Jersey.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>European Hornet (Vespa crabro) GDD Window (base 50): 1388-2271 (1st activity) Overview:\u200b\u200b\u200b Amber, honey-colored wasps that are 2x the size of bald-faced hornets\u00a0\u200b Gouge bark sections to mix the woody &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/european-hornet\/\" class=\"\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3407,"featured_media":1261,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pests"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>European Hornet - Nursery IPM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/european-hornet\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"European Hornet - Nursery IPM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"European Hornet (Vespa crabro) GDD Window (base 50): 1388-2271 (1st activity) Overview:\u200b\u200b\u200b Amber, honey-colored wasps that are 2x the size of bald-faced hornets\u00a0\u200b Gouge bark sections to mix the woody &hellip; Read More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/european-hornet\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Nursery IPM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-07-22T19:52:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-27T19:33:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/07\/European-Hornet-8-300x225-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"225\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Erin O. 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