{"id":1345,"date":"2025-08-26T16:37:05","date_gmt":"2025-08-26T16:37:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/?p=1345"},"modified":"2025-08-27T18:44:54","modified_gmt":"2025-08-27T18:44:54","slug":"leafcutter-bees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/leafcutter-bees\/","title":{"rendered":"Leafcutter Bees"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>Leafcutter Bees (<em>Megachile mendica<\/em>)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h4><strong>GDD Window (base 50): <span class=\"TextRun SCXP212159744 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP212159744 BCX0\">First observations late spring \u2013 persisting throughout season<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXP212159744 BCX0\">\u200b<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h4><strong>Overview:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>About the size of a honey bee but are mostly black with white bands on the abdomen<\/li>\n<li>Females have a \u201cpollen basket\u201d of long hairs on their lower abdomen which they use to transport pollen<\/li>\n<li>Solitary insects which construct nests in preexisting narrow cavities<\/li>\n<li>Females construct their nests using foliage and flowers to make the half-inch long cells, cutting round pieces for the base and oval pieces for the walls, and lining them with petal fragments before filling them with pollen and nectar<\/li>\n<li>Females lay eggs on the pollen mass and then cap the cell with foliage pieces<\/li>\n<li>Females can control the sex of their offspring through withholding sperm from male eggs\n<ul>\n<li>Males develop faster, so females are often laid in the deeper cells and males closer to the entrance of the nest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Young bees chew their way through the nest after they hatch, first waiting for their siblings to emerge before them<\/li>\n<li>Grubs are pale and legless, before molting into prepupa, spinning a silken cocoon that eventually turns dark brown before pupae emerge and then finally molt to become adults<\/li>\n<li>The final eggs laid during the season will hatch and then overwinter within their cocoons, where warming temperatures will induce pupae to emerge<\/li>\n<li><strong>Host plants<\/strong>: Many different plants, including those with flowers for pollen and nectar, and plants with petals and leaves that are somewhat malleable for nest building (Red Bud (Cercis) is most commonly seen host plant in nurseries)\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Management:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h5><strong>Cultural Practices:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Natural predators:<\/strong> parasitoids, flies, wasps, and beetles, acrobat ants<\/li>\n<li>Coelioxys is a leafcutting bee which lays their eggs in the nests of other leafcutter bees, and then these bees will eat the young of the bees originally in the nest<\/li>\n<li><strong>Avoid treatment when possible<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>They are superior pollinators to other bees, especially for apples and legumes (specifically alfalfa)<\/li>\n<li>They have no nest guarding instinct and rarely sting<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Cover susceptible plants with cheesecloth or loose netting to deter leafcutter bees<\/li>\n<li>Cover pruned rose cane ends with thumb tacks, glue, or wax to prevent bees from tunneling<\/li>\n<li>Fill holes in wood that could be used for nesting<\/li>\n<li>Remove decaying wood where bees may nest<span class=\"LineBox SCXP35590923 BCX0\" style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span class=\"EOP SCXP35590923 BCX0\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\" data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1351\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1351\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1351\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-27-at-12.35.34\u202fPM-300x224.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-27-at-12.35.34\u202fPM-300x224.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-27-at-12.35.34\u202fPM.png 564w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1351\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: Steven K. Rettke, RCE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1353\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-27-at-12.36.19\u202fPM-300x181.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-27-at-12.36.19\u202fPM-300x181.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-27-at-12.36.19\u202fPM.png 410w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1354\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-27-at-12.36.30\u202fPM-265x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"265\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-27-at-12.36.30\u202fPM-265x300.png 265w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-27-at-12.36.30\u202fPM.png 388w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 265px) 100vw, 265px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Disclaimer<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\"> &#8211; Materials do not cover all possible control scenarios and are intended for licensed professionals. Tradenames do not imply\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">endorsement and are used as examples. You must strictly follow the label for each compound prior to use. Rutgers is not responsible for<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">m is used materials or damages thereof. The label is the law. Labels will provide detailed information on use and restrictions. Additionally, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">application intervals, compatibility, surfactant use, PHI, PPE, important and other key information is described in detail. Always discuss\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">treatments with your local agents.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@C00000,,\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Note: Neonicotinoids can only be legally applied in commercial agriculture settings by licensed <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@C00000,,\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">applicators.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@3B7F23,9,18:76000\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Guidelines and recommendations made in this presentation are specific to the state of New Jersey.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Leafcutter Bees (Megachile mendica) GDD Window (base 50): First observations late spring \u2013 persisting throughout season\u200b Overview: About the size of a honey bee but are mostly black with white &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/leafcutter-bees\/\" class=\"\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3407,"featured_media":1352,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pests"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Leafcutter Bees - Nursery IPM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/leafcutter-bees\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Leafcutter Bees - Nursery IPM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Leafcutter Bees (Megachile mendica) GDD Window (base 50): First observations late spring \u2013 persisting throughout season\u200b Overview: About the size of a honey bee but are mostly black with white &hellip; Read More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/leafcutter-bees\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Nursery IPM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-08-26T16:37:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-27T18:44:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/08\/Screenshot-2025-08-27-at-12.36.02\u202fPM.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"488\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"302\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Erin O. 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