{"id":830,"date":"2025-06-10T17:44:42","date_gmt":"2025-06-10T17:44:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/?p=830"},"modified":"2025-06-10T17:44:42","modified_gmt":"2025-06-10T17:44:42","slug":"fireblight","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/fireblight\/","title":{"rendered":"Fireblight"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>Fireblight (<em>Erwinia amylovora<\/em>)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h4><strong>Overview:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Caused by bacteria<\/span><\/b><b><i><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/b><i><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Erwinia\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">amylovora<\/span><\/i>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Onset in the spring as bacterial cells ooze in a yellow-amber liquid from <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">existing cankers on infected plants<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Bacteria spread to flowers, leaves, fruit, and stems by insects, wind,\u00a0<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">rain, or pruning equipment<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Bacteria penetrates through pruning wounds and natural openings such <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">as stomates and\u00a0<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">nectaries<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Thrives in warm, wet weather in the spring<\/span><\/b>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Twigs and branches die rapidly and appear scorched<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Tender shoots droop and bend as they die, causing &#8220;<\/span><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">shepherd&#8217;s crook<\/span><\/b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">&#8220;<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Cankers later form at the base of branches, and susceptible plants die\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"45\" data-font=\"Calibri,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"9\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Host plants:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><b><i><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Rosaceae\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/b><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">family<\/span><\/b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> \u2013 apple, crabapple, cotoneaster,\u00a0<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">hawthorn, mountain ash, pyracantha, pear\u00a0<\/span>\u200b\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"10\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Highly associated with host bloom period per crop\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Management:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h5><strong>Cultural Practices:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Improve plant vigor, but avoid heavy <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">spring fertilization that can promote <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">succulent growth<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">In late summer (when oozing no <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">longer occurs),\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">prune diseased <\/span><\/b><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">wood 6-8 inches below the <\/span><\/b><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">infection,<\/span><\/b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> sterilizing the tools\u00a0<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">between cuts<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Remove waterspouts<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Dispose of infected plant material<\/span><\/b>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Replace susceptible varieties with <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">resistant ones\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong style=\"color: inherit;font-size: 1.2em\">Materials:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\" data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Contact bactericides:<\/span><\/b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span>\u200b\n<ul>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Copper [M01]: cuprous <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">oxide, copper hydroxide, <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">copper sulfate<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Phosphonates<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">[P07]:\u00a0 fosetyl-Al<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Streptomycin sulfate [25]<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\" data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Systemic fungicides:<\/span><\/b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span>\u200b<span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span>\u200b\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\" data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\">{DMI} Triazoles [3]: <span style=\"font-size: 1rem\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">Myclobutanil, Propiconazole, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">Triadimefon, Imidazole<\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 1rem\">\u200b<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Thiophanate methyl [M1]<\/span>\u200b<span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 1rem\">\u200b<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Considerations:<\/span><\/b>\u200b\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"15\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span class=\"LineBox  BCX0 SCXP138980203\"><span class=\"TextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\">Do not <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox  BCX0 SCXP138980203\"><span class=\"TextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\">apply\u00a0group [P07] and copper-<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox  BCX0 SCXP138980203\"><span class=\"TextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\">based\u00a0[M01] fungicides\u00a0within 14d<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox  BCX0 SCXP138980203\"><span class=\"TextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\">of one another, as phytotoxicity is <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox  BCX0 SCXP138980203\"><span class=\"TextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\">likely to occur!\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\">Rotation is critical <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox  BCX0 SCXP138980203\"><span class=\"TextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun  BCX0 SCXP138980203\">to avoid resistance.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/newa.cornell.edu\/fire-blight\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">NEWA Fireblight Tool<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_831\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-831\" style=\"width: 225px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-831\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/fire-blight-dead-branches-ash-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/fire-blight-dead-branches-ash-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/fire-blight-dead-branches-ash.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-831\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo credit: UMN Extension<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_832\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-832\" style=\"width: 225px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-832\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/fire-blight-canker-mountain-ash-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/fire-blight-canker-mountain-ash-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/fire-blight-canker-mountain-ash.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-832\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo credit: UMN Extension<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_833\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-833\" style=\"width: 220px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-833\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/fire-blight-discolored-sapwood.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"165\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-833\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo credit: UMN Extension<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_834\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-834\" style=\"width: 220px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-834\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/fire-blight-shepherds-crook-apple.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"165\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-834\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo credit: UMN Extension<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_835\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-835\" style=\"width: 220px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-835\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/blossom-fire-blight-crabapple_0.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"205\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-835\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo credit: UMN Extension<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<h6><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Disclaimer<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\"> &#8211; Materials do not cover all possible control scenarios and are intended for licensed professionals. Tradenames do not imply\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">endorsement and are used as examples. You must strictly follow the label for each compound prior to use. Rutgers is not responsible for<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">m is used materials or damages thereof. The label is the law. Labels will provide detailed information on use and restrictions. Additionally, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">application intervals, compatibility, surfactant use, PHI, PPE, important and other key information is described in detail. Always discuss\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">treatments with your local agents.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@C00000,,\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Note: Neonicotinoids can only be legally applied in commercial agriculture settings by licensed <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@C00000,,\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">applicators.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@3B7F23,9,18:76000\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Guidelines and recommendations made in this presentation are specific to the state of New Jersey.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fireblight (Erwinia amylovora) Overview: Caused by bacteria\u00a0Erwinia\u00a0amylovora\u200b Onset in the spring as bacterial cells ooze in a yellow-amber liquid from existing cankers on infected plants\u200b Bacteria spread to flowers, leaves, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/fireblight\/\" class=\"\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3407,"featured_media":836,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diseases"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fireblight - Nursery IPM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/fireblight\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fireblight - Nursery IPM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Fireblight (Erwinia amylovora) Overview: Caused by bacteria\u00a0Erwinia\u00a0amylovora\u200b Onset in the spring as bacterial cells ooze in a yellow-amber liquid from existing cankers on infected plants\u200b Bacteria spread to flowers, leaves, &hellip; Read More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/fireblight\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Nursery IPM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-10T17:44:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/PLPATH-FRU-22-fire-blight-damage-apple-tree.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1077\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Erin O. 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