{"id":883,"date":"2025-05-13T16:11:45","date_gmt":"2025-05-13T16:11:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/?p=883"},"modified":"2025-08-27T19:42:16","modified_gmt":"2025-08-27T19:42:16","slug":"elongate-hemlock-scale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/elongate-hemlock-scale\/","title":{"rendered":"Elongate Hemlock Scale"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>Elongate Hemlock Scale (<em>Chionaspis pinifoliae<\/em>)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h4><strong>GDD Window (base 50): 360-700 (1st generation)\u00a0 \u200b<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h4><strong>Overview:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Overwinters as egg or as female carrying egg<\/li>\n<li>Females are oval, flat, and tan\/translucent, males are whitish<\/li>\n<li>Females had a very long egg-laying period which extends throughout the summer with two overlapping generations<\/li>\n<li>Crawlers become noticeable in conjunction with new growth<\/li>\n<li>Puparium-like type of waxy cover extends under the body of the insect and over the top, making control difficult<\/li>\n<li>Causes yellow spots to appear on needles, foliage appears thin, needle drop, and tree death in severe situations<\/li>\n<li><strong>Host plants:<\/strong> hemlock, spruce, Douglas fir, yew, true firs \u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Management:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h5><strong>Cultural Practices:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Natural predators<\/span><\/b><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span><\/b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0 brown lacewings, <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">green lacewings, lady beetles, <\/span><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">parasitic wasps<\/span><\/b>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Keep growing areas and equipment <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">clean<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Prevent dusty conditions<\/span><\/b>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Reduce plant stress<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Dispose of heavily infested plants\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>Materials:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\" data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"450\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Contact insecticides:<\/span><\/b>\u200b\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Carbamates [1A]: carbaryl<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Pyrethroids [3A]: &#8211;<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">thrins<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Organophosphates [1B]:\u00a0<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">acephate <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">(translaminar), malathion<\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 1rem\">\u200b<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\" data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Systemic insecticides:<\/span><\/b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span>\u200b\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1170\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 1rem\"><span class=\"LineBox SCXP247469805 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun Underlined SCXP247469805 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SingleUnderline SCXP247469805 BCX0\">Neonicotinoids<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun Underlined SCXP247469805 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SingleUnderline SCXP247469805 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP247469805 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP247469805 BCX0\">[4A]:\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun Underlined SCXP247469805 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SingleUnderline SCXP247469805 BCX0\">dinotefuran<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP247469805 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP247469805 BCX0\">, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP247469805 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP247469805 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP247469805 BCX0\">acetamiprid,\u00a0thiamethoxam<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"540\" data-aria-posinset=\"9\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Considerations:<\/span><\/b>\u200b\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b style=\"font-size: 1rem\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Will harm non-target species<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 1rem\">\u200b<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Timing is essential in controlling armored <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">scales (target crawler stage before waxy <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">covering forms)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>Biorationals:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Insecticidal soaps and <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">horticultural oils<\/span>\u200b\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<li data-charcodes=\"167\" data-font=\"Wingdings,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1980\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"3\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Neem oil<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"111\" data-font=\"Courier New,monospace\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1260\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Insect growth regulators<\/span><\/b><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span><\/b>\u200b\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<li data-charcodes=\"167\" data-font=\"Wingdings,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1980\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"3\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Pyriproxyfen<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0[7A]<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<li data-charcodes=\"167\" data-font=\"Wingdings,Sans-Serif\" data-buautonum=\"8\" data-margin=\"1980\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"3\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Buprofezin<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0[16]<\/span>\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_884\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-884\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-884\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/aa14-Elongate-Hemlock-Scale-male-female-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/aa14-Elongate-Hemlock-Scale-male-female-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/aa14-Elongate-Hemlock-Scale-male-female-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/aa14-Elongate-Hemlock-Scale-male-female.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-884\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mixture of male &amp; female Elongate Hemlock Scale infesting hemlock needles. Males produce white, waxy filaments that sometimes can obscure females. (Photo Credit: Steven K. Rettke, Rutgers Coop. Ext.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_885\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-885\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-885\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/Screenshot-2025-06-16-120911-300x162.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"162\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/Screenshot-2025-06-16-120911-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/Screenshot-2025-06-16-120911-768x414.png 768w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/Screenshot-2025-06-16-120911.png 806w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-885\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The female Elongate Hemlock Scale has a puparium-like type of waxy cover which extends both above &amp; below the actual insect. Therefore, this is one of the most difficult scales to control. (Photo Credit: Steven K. Rettke, Rutgers Coop. Ext.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_887\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-887\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-887\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/2-Scales-Elongate-Hemlock-Scale-1-males-females-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/2-Scales-Elongate-Hemlock-Scale-1-males-females-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/2-Scales-Elongate-Hemlock-Scale-1-males-females-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/2-Scales-Elongate-Hemlock-Scale-1-males-females.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-887\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Credit: Steven K. Rettke, Rutgers Coop. Ext<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Disclaimer<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\"> &#8211; Materials do not cover all possible control scenarios and are intended for licensed professionals. Tradenames do not imply\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">endorsement and are used as examples. You must strictly follow the label for each compound prior to use. Rutgers is not responsible for<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">m is used materials or damages thereof. The label is the law. Labels will provide detailed information on use and restrictions. Additionally, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">application intervals, compatibility, surfactant use, PHI, PPE, important and other key information is described in detail. Always discuss\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">treatments with your local agents.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@C00000,,\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Note: Neonicotinoids can only be legally applied in commercial agriculture settings by licensed <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"LineBox SCXP56887253 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@C00000,,\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">applicators.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-scheme-color=\"@3B7F23,9,18:76000\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP56887253 BCX0\">Guidelines and recommendations made in this presentation are specific to the state of New Jersey.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Elongate Hemlock Scale (Chionaspis pinifoliae) GDD Window (base 50): 360-700 (1st generation)\u00a0 \u200b Overview: Overwinters as egg or as female carrying egg Females are oval, flat, and tan\/translucent, males are &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/elongate-hemlock-scale\/\" class=\"\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3407,"featured_media":886,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pests"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Elongate Hemlock Scale - Nursery IPM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/elongate-hemlock-scale\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Elongate Hemlock Scale - Nursery IPM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Elongate Hemlock Scale (Chionaspis pinifoliae) GDD Window (base 50): 360-700 (1st generation)\u00a0 \u200b Overview: Overwinters as egg or as female carrying egg Females are oval, flat, and tan\/translucent, males are &hellip; Read More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/elongate-hemlock-scale\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Nursery IPM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-05-13T16:11:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-27T19:42:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.rutgers.edu\/nursery-ipm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1396\/2025\/06\/2-Scales-Elongate-Hemlock-Scale-2-males-females.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"598\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Erin O. 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